SDR的5G未来

5G is the newest communication standard coming from the 3GPP global initiative that’s taking the world by storm. Even though this technology is still under development and will take years to implement across the globe, it’s no wonder that it generates so much buzz. 5G shows huge promise to improve on 4G in every aspect, such as bandwidth, data rates, and latency.

例如，5G允许带宽从140 MHz增加到800 MHz，这也意味着数据速率从100 Mb/s增加到1 GB/S等。5G在延迟方面也具有显着优势，改善了4G至1 ms的20毫秒潜伏期。

如果这些改进还不够，则5G将在100,000平方公里内的可维修设备数量增加到1,000,000。这意味着5G将启用更快的连接并支持使用相同数量的基站的用户增加。因此，必须更新基站以支持新协议。软件定义的收音机（SDR）很容易完成该任务，因为它们可以在大频谱上处理超宽的带宽连接。SDR还允许使用带有软件更新的相同硬件，并使用未来产生标准进行升级路径。

Interoperability

5G提供的最大机会是互操作性，或计算机系统交换和利用信息的能力。5G基础架构可以用来将任何一组设备连接在一起，而不仅仅是蜂窝电话。

无线蜂窝网络系统t of as a new type of utility, where the resource being distributed is information. The underlying physical network consists of user devices, base stations, and central operators linking the end points of each communication. Communication protocols, such as 5G, provide an optimized protocol to exchange information between nodes.

建立支持互操作性的系统的一个重要考虑因素是通信技术的进步。像它的前辈一样，5G有一天会过时，因此网络基础架构应具有适应市场的能力，并能够更新和支持将加入其网络的新设备。

SDR的灵活性非常适合这种应用程序，因为它可以在任何系统中实现，并同时支持许多协议。SDR可以在基站实施；当需要更新通信协议时，SDR只需要相对简单的软件更新即可。这种灵活性还允许集成网络不铰接任何单个技术，并且比5G协议的使用寿命更长。

5G的申请

The largest uncertainty with the future of 5G is how this new technology will be monetized. By building a flexible framework that responds to the market, telecommunications companies can improve their revenue per user significantly.

尽管消费者会看到一些好处，但这些进步的最大受益者将是企业和远程用户。如果适当地展示了该技术的价值，则许多行业可以作为新的收入来源。一些将立即从5G网络中受益的行业是云计算，汽车，农业和医疗保健行业（图。1）。

消费者

消费者, especially in urban areas, will see an improvement in broadband connection and increased speed from their mobile networks. Another huge consumer market that could be revolutionized by 5G is the Internet of Things (IoT) devices that have gained prominence over the past decades. Instead of including computers in every sensor and IoT device, the devices can forgo the computing power and get their instructions from a nearby edge-computing system. Kitchen appliances, climate control systems, and health monitors can be produced more easily and monitored more closely by the manufacturer.

Wide-area networks (WAN) may not be necessary given the 5G coverage area. This could possibly eliminate the need for Wi-Fi routers and revolutionize internet service provider plans for consumers.

Cloud and Edge Computing

5G网络可能比当今实施的大多数大型数据中心更接近用户的云计算服务。边缘计算可能成为现实，使处理能力更接近客户，并最大程度地减少距离引起的潜伏期。如果可以减少潜伏期，那么许多需要计算机的任务都可以在云=计算中心上运行，并且用户可以使用较小的，功能较小的设备来运行相同的任务。

汽车Industry

汽车行业正朝着自动驾驶方向发展，该问题的症结正在收集足够的信息以使车辆做出正确的决定。有了适当的5G基础设施，车辆不仅可以互相通信以保持适当的间距，还可以向驾驶员提供有关道路状况，安全性，延误等的信息。

In addition, the vehicles could deliver performance information to the manufacturers to aid in improving the product and ensure the safety of the drivers and pedestrians alike. The 1-ms latency of 5G is very important in this application: Out-of-date information could mean the difference between life and death.

Agriculture Industry

Remote users are traditionally underserved by current network infrastructure. 5G has the potential to not only bring better service to rural areas, but also to bring all of the benefits of faster data-transfer rates, enabling some interesting applications.

Farmers should be particularly interested in the new technology because it can allow for autonomous crop monitoring with IoT sensors. Moisture and nutrient sensors could be scattered throughout their crops and connected with the 5G infrastructure, giving the farmer a map of their crops, and highlighting areas that need maintenance. With more information at their disposal, farms can more efficiently use resources and increase profits.

Healthcare

医疗与th可以看到一个巨大的改进e low-latency communication capabilities of 5G. Patients in rural areas would not need to travel to large cities to receive better treatment, as caregivers in rural areas could receive instructions from the best healthcare professionals anywhere in the world. Medical records could be shared more easily between healthcare facilities, providing professionals with crucial information about their patients（图2）。

Telemedicine, remote surgery, and physical therapy through augmented reality (AR) could be implemented, which have become especially important throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to keep healthcare professionals safe. Hospitals would have the ability to build sensor networks to monitor their patients, and smart medication packaging could track patients’ compliance. This would not only help physicians, but insurance companies as well.

Conclusion

5G is a communications protocol that will increase data-transfer rates and decrease latency of wireless networks. This advance enables improvement and autonomy in many industries, such as the cloud-computing, automotive, agriculture, and healthcare industries, and will revolutionize the way we use and transfer data.